I tried building my Android prototype in Unity 2017.3.1f1, there was the same error so I googled and found that I should do a downgrade of SDK tools to version 25.2.5, so I did and it still didn’t work.
Then I downloaded the latest Unity 2017.1.4p2 and updated SDK tools through Android Studio to 26.1.1 but still doesn’t work.
Download android studio. Within android studio, upgrade sdk. Also on player settings put a more recent version for android. Did you put a correct path for the sdk?
Unity is telling you it can’t find the SDK, so go to Edit → Preferences → External Tools and make sure the SDK path is correct. Also, install android studio and upgrade the SDK to the newest version.