Checking Object Collision Without Script

Is there a way to check if an object is colliding with something without having a script on that particular object. Like so:

Transform other = null;

void Update () {

   if(other.collider.isColliding){
        //Rest of code in here
   }
}

Is there a way to do that? Or would I have to put a script on that object and use OnCollisionEnter()?

Take a look at the Physics class. They have several methods that will allow you to make tests: OverlapShpere(), CapsulCast(), SphereCast(), CheckSphere() and the like that allow you to test for colliders in a particular area.