I'm confusing myself.

Can I emit a beam (like a round, thick laser beam, but growing) from an object and add a colider so that if that beam hits anything, it plays my kaboom animation and stuff?

Cause I cant find anything regarding the above in the settings of the line renderer?

Thanks!

Use a particle system, when you shoot, make one particle, then keep doing it while the key is down, and if it colides, you can do the animation... Can do this with ray casting or just OnColisionEnter.

Hope this helps!

You should be able to do that. Using a cylinder mesh, and scaling the height of it (assuming you would do it slowly enough to register the collision). If you want speed-of-light hitting, use a Raycast. In fact, I'd just do that anyway.