C# is an open standard. Unity’s implementation is based on the mono version. If Microsoft or even Xamarin should die today, unity can continue to use c# because unity has its own fork of the mono project on github. If you’re still uncomfortable with using a perfectly good language because Microsoft invented it there are two other languages you can use (unity script boo).
Unity is actually quite capable of supporting other languages. If you wrote some code in iron python in VS. NET or monodevelop and compile it, you can use the complied Dll in unity with almost no hassle.
There has been both internal and external interest expressed in having extensible language support within the editor itself. They just haven’t gotten around to doing it yet since there are higher ranking priorities.
Python and Scala would be challenging because they are loosely typed and therefore run into issues on mobile devices (for the same reason UnityScript code that is not strict doesn’t work on iOS). I also don’t know if anything outside of the Oracle JVM runs Scala (feel free to correct me if I’m wrong).
CUDA is nVidia-only so would go against Unity’s cross-platform nature, but maybe they would add support for it down the line just for fun.
And yes - don’t confuse C# with .NET (Also curious why you think MS is so “desperate”?)
I’d rather things stay as they are for many reasons. You can add LUA via a plugin or use Boo’s syntax sugar if you want to take it custom. C++ doesn’t seem very feasible, but I’m sure many would welcome it still.
Your comment that MS is desperate indicates to me you have not got any clue about anything relevant in programming or development in general though. You need to watch that.