How exactly dose Rigidbody2D.AddForce equation work

In the docs it says force = mass x acceleration

Where dose the mass and acceleration parts of the equation come from and in what units.

force is in newton( 1 N = 1 kg*m/s^2 ), mass in kg, acceleration in m/s^2

force = mass x acceleration

The mass is specified in the rigidBody, you add the force and the system calculates the acceleration:

acceleration = force / mass

the strength of the force you’re adding is the magnitude of the vector to be precise, and the vector also supplies the direction.