How is the model connected to the texture?

I found that even if the model and texture are not in the same directory, the model can still find the texture it needs. Why, how does it find its own texture?

I think it’s because Unity is programmed to do so? Or probably, info or a script message created from the model and texture in the 3d modelling software like blender or maya, probably gets sent into unity, when the model and texture are imported into unity. And then unity automatically reads the script/info, and follows orders and automatically assigns/links the texture to the 3d model, that was originally linked to it, in the 3d modelling software.