Not really sure what this question is, but you can use GetComponent() to get things off a given GameObject.
As always, whatever you’re contemplating probably already exists in tutorial form on Youtube if you search with the right terms.
You can also interfaces, which lets you have lots of different things that all express the same interface in different ways.
Using Interfaces in Unity3D:
Check Youtube for other tutorials about interfaces and working in Unity3D. It’s a pretty powerful combination.