It’s an old question:
http://blog.almostlogical.com/2010/08/20/adding-text-to-texture-at-runtime-in-unity3d-without-using-render-texture/
I’m hoping there is a better answer for a common problem: numbers on pool balls, names on player uniforms, a Lotto draw, diagrams of atoms or planets.
Text onto a texture, wrap the text I hear you say. Yes, but how to do step one?
I’m not sure I understand your question or where exactly you’re stuck. The post you linked talks about using a render texture (or other methods in the past since render textures were a Unity pro only feature in the beginning) in order to render text onto a flat texture that can then be used on a curved object, or any object for that matter.
So what part exactly do you need help with? Rendering the text onto a texture? Or applying the texture to your object? You do know how texture mapping works in general? Does your target mesh has UV coordinates and is properly unwrapped?
If you don’t want or can’t create / modify your model, you could also use a projector if the surface is not curved much. It’s an easy way to apply a decal to the surface of an existing object. Though the projection may cause distortions if the surface is curved too much. Also the projector has quite a bit of overhead as it re-renders the whole object(s) in order to show the decal. So it usually makes more sense when you actually have a mesh that you created where you can apply the texture / material. Keep in mind that a mesh can have submeshes and each submesh can have a different material.