I am making a 2D side-scroller, but I am having problems getting certain animations to work

Sounds like you wrote a bug… and that means… time to start debugging!

By debugging you can find out exactly what your program is doing so you can fix it.

Use the above techniques to get the information you need in order to reason about what the problem is.

You can also use Debug.Log(...); statements to find out if any of your code is even running. Don’t assume it is.

Once you understand what the problem is, you may begin to reason about a solution to the problem.

ALSO, anything with Animations / Animators / Mechanim:

Always start with the Animator state machine and prove it works in isolation, no code at all: