Just my personal opinion, but I do think your screenshot is instantly recognizable as being based on Nintendo IP.
I think that’s probably fine if you are just making it for fun or as a learning exercise and aren’t seeking to monetize it in any way (but why start with those restrictions in place).
The very existence of this forum thread and your suggestion of a possible “Mario clone” wouldn’t work in your favour if your game ever became commercially successful and Nintendo decided to come after you. It makes your intent completely obvious.
If you are going to wake up every morning with the threat of a cease-and-desist letter arriving from Nintendo in the back of your mind, it’s just not worth the hassle.