Example: wind, drag field, goal ...
yes it is possible!
You could create a script and attach it to your particle system gameobject and use the particleEmitter object for modifying your particle system.
Here is a small example for setting the x value of the localVelocity for a particle system:
gameObject.particleEmitter.localVelocity = new Vector3(10, 0, 0);
Also see the documentation