It really, really depends on the type of game you want to make, although I would argue that you will probably use a small bit of scripting. And no, you don’t need to learn the entire scripting API… just the parts you need of course.
Unity has quite a bit built in…and for most 2d games, you may even be able to get away without scripting by using some of the assets from the asset store. I know this is not a complete answer, but if you tell us some more about what you want to make, it might help.
A few topics that come to mind: Collider2D, Mechanim, SpriteRenderer, Input. . Honestly, you probably will want to pick things up as you go.
Some of the examples could help you. The roguelike example is definitely something you will want to look at:
If you have prior experience with C# then you already have quite a bit of work done. Are you targeting mobile or desktop? You may need to read up on object pooling