Why does background colour effect lighting so much?

I realise this is something extremely basic to get confused over but I’ve been quite surprised how even in Blender the background ‘colour’ of your scene pretty drastically effects the lighting. Is there something extra going on that I’m completely missing with the rendering process to make it effect lighting so much? Or is it just some kind of overlay that can be disabled entirely? I found it fascinating playing about with it because I’m trying to get a feel for how to get some better atmospheric lighting in my scenes.

The indirect, or ambient lighting of the scene is derived from the background image by default. Just like shadows appear blue in sunny day because of scattered light from the atmosphere. The color of the reflections on the material will also come solely from it if you do not have any reflection probes in the scene

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Thanks, that makes perfect sense now.